跳至主要内容

Detailed Guide on Water Quality and Temperature Settings for HVAC Chiller Systems

 Ensuring proper water quality and temperature settings is crucial in the operation and maintenance of HVAC chiller systems. This not only guarantees efficient system performance but also extends the equipment's lifespan and reduces operational costs. This article provides an in-depth look into the standards for water quality and temperature settings in chiller system maintenance.


1.Water Quality Standards

1. 1 Total Hardness

• Limit: Total hardness should not exceed 300mg/L.
• Definition: Total hardness primarily refers to the concentration of calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and magnesium ions (Mg²⁺) in water.
• Impacts of Exceeding the Limit:
• Pipe Narrowing: High hardness causes mineral deposits on pipe walls, forming scale, which reduces pipe diameter, increases water resistance, decreases chilled water flow, and impairs cooling efficiency.
• Increased Energy Consumption: Scale increases water resistance, requiring the chilled water pump to work harder, thus increasing energy consumption.

• Corrosion: High hardness may lead to localized corrosion on certain metal pipes and equipment surfaces.


1.2 Total Alkalinity

• Limit: Total alkalinity should not exceed 400mg/L.
• Definition: Alkalinity reflects the concentration of alkaline substances (such as carbonates and bicarbonates) in water.
• Impacts of Exceeding the Limit:

• Corrosion and Scale Buildup: Alkaline conditions can accelerate the corrosion of certain metal materials and promote scale formation, affecting heat transfer efficiency and equipment lifespan.


1.3 Total Acidity

• Limit: Total acidity should not exceed 200mg/L.
• Definition: Acidity reflects the concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺) in water, indicating the presence of acidic substances.
• Impacts of Exceeding the Limit:
• Pipe and Equipment Corrosion: Acidic environments can exacerbate the corrosion of metal materials, especially those like carbon steel that are not resistant to acid.
• Reduced Lifespan of HVAC Systems: Prolonged exposure to acidic conditions accelerates the corrosion of various system components (such as heat exchangers, valves, and pumps), shortening their effective lifespan.

HVAC Chiller Systems


2 Temperature Standards

2.1 Chilled Water Temperature Difference and Range

• Standard Temperature Difference: 5°C, meaning the difference between the supply and return chilled water temperatures.
• Standard Temperature Range: 7°C to 12°C.

• Explanation: The chilled water should leave the evaporator at around 7°C and return at no more than 12°C.


2.2 Cooling Water Temperature Difference and Range

• Standard Temperature Difference: 5°C.
• Standard Temperature Range: 30°C to 35°C, with a corresponding wet-bulb temperature of 28°C.

• Explanation: Wet-bulb temperature represents the lowest temperature achievable through evaporative cooling under specific atmospheric pressure, serving as a crucial parameter for assessing cooling tower efficiency.


2.3 Design Temperatures in Practical Applications

• Chilled Water Design Temperature Range: 32°C to 37°C, to meet specific building loads, climate conditions, or energy-saving strategies.

• Cooling Water Design Conditions: 32°C to 37°C/28°C wet-bulb, considering the actual operating environment and equipment performance optimization.


3.Conclusion

The operation and maintenance of HVAC chiller systems involve adhering to complex water quality parameters (total hardness, total alkalinity, total acidity) and temperature settings (chilled water temperature difference and range, cooling water temperature difference and range). These standards are designed to ensure efficient and stable system operation, prevent equipment damage, extend service life, and reduce operational costs. Regular monitoring of water quality and appropriate treatment, along with setting reasonable operating parameters for chilled and cooling water based on equipment characteristics and environmental conditions, are essential for maintaining optimal system performance.

4.About H.Stars Group:

H.Stars Group,30 years Hongkong brand factory ,manufactures a wide range of HVAC equipment: air-cooled chillers, water-cooled chillers, high-temperature heat pumps, AHU, and shell and tube heat exchangers supplying to worldwide 53+ countries. With H.Stars Hongkong brand recognition and 8 subsidiaries industrial chain, H.Stars Group has supplied HVAC products to 500 Fortune companies.



评论

此博客中的热门博文

What is the energy saving and cost saving cooling system for sand mill in printing ink factory

  The development of Chinese ink industry can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. Since the reform and opening up, the domestic ink market has developed rapidly, and inks have been widely used in various media such as paper, metal, glass, and plastic. In recent years, affected by the further advancement of environmental protection work, the price of some chemical raw materials has risen, and the growth rate of Chinese ink industry has gradually slowed down. In the past three years, the growth rate has been about 3.5%. The profit margin has also shown a downward trend. Oversupply has appeared in some regions. Ink sales have become fiercely competitive. In order to meet the needs of market competition, energy saving and consumption reduction and product quality improvement will be a major rule for ink manufacturers to enhance their corporate competitiveness. However, the research process is a key process in the ink production process, which has a key impact on both yield

How to manufacture the shell and tube heat exchanger I

Shell and tube heat exchanger is a kind of heat transfer device, which is composed of shell, tube plate, tube bundle, baffle and cover; How is the manufacture to produce the shell and tube heat exchanger ? In the manufacturing of heat exchanger, the manufacturing process of cylinder, head and other parts is the same as that of general container manufacturing progress, but the requirements are different. The inspection of materials, drilling of tube plate and baffle hole, welding of cylinder and processing of flange are the key points to the quality. Throughout its manufacturing process, most of manufacturer still use traditional processes, in which the proportion of welding is relatively high, so it is necessary to weld in strict accordance with the welding process, and to detect the weld. The heat exchanger produced by H.Stars Group subsidiary company UAR, has gone through 18 processes. It has been meticulously processed in the heat exchanger process, providing two products with gua

Constant Temperature Swimming Pool Heat Pump Unit | Hstarschiller.com

  We all know that winter swimming has many advantages: 1. It can enhance cardiovascular function. 2. The stimulation of cold water can close the peripheral blood vessels, increase the blood supply of important organs such as heart, brain, liver and spleen, so that more oxygen can be delivered to brain cells in time, which is conducive to the elimination of nervous system fatigue. 3. The skin of those who insist on winter swimming is ruddy, shiny and elastic. And people also hope to enjoy the fun of swimming in winter, but not everyone can bear it.  Hstars group constant temperature swimming pool heat pump  can be a good solution. 1. Demand analysis of swimming pool with constant temperature Constant temperature swimming pool, also known as indoor constant temperature swimming pool; that is, the temperature of the water in the pool heating system is maintained at 26~28℃, which is suitable for the temperature of the human body. When the indoor swimming pool is designed, the water body o